The Mathsbombe Competition

2019 edition. From the people behind the Alan Turing Cryptography Competition.
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Problem 5

Following the failure of her popular yet unprofitable apple shop business, Hazel decides to turn her attention to citrus fruits. Having recently developed an interest in the number \(x\approx 1.47\) which satisfies \(x^3=x^2+1\), Hazel decides to introduce her own currency, with coins of value 1 pound, \(x\) pounds and \(x^2\) pounds. She further decides to price each piece of fruit as a power of \(x\).

The most expensive item of fruit in the shop, the blood orange, is priced at \(x^{20}\) pounds. How many coins must change hands for a customer to buy a blood orange?

Mathsbombe Competition 2019 is organised by the The Department of Mathematics at The University of Manchester.
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