click on either picture below to view the appropriate movie
eruptive and steady fire spread up a trench
eruptive fire spread in a controlled burn
  • The slopes (left to right) are 15o, 20o, 25o, 30o and 35o.
  • Soap bubbles show the flow at top and bottom of a trench.
  • The trench measures 3 m x 60 cm.
  • The disappearance of flow down the slope towards the flame for the two highest slopes shows that the air-flow becomes attached to the slope.
  • The fires on these two highest slopes also demonstrate eruptive behaviour, since their size and rate of spread increase continuously.
  • The fires on the lower slopes all spread at a constant rate.
  • A line fire is ignited at the base of a 23o slope in a plot of length about 40 metre on a mountain side in Portugal.
  • There is a mild upslope wind and vegetation is typical Mediterranean schrub.
  • A cloth tied to vegetation at mid-slope reveals attachment of the air-flow to the slope when the cloth blows up-slope.
  • An eruption ensues.
  • The spread-rate increases from about 6 cm/s before the eruption towards about 2 m/s at the top of the slope.

see article: Dold, JW, Zinoviev, A (2009)
Fire eruption through intensity and spread rate interaction mediated by flow attachment.
Combustion Theory and Modelling (to appear).
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